double marker test || healthplantip

double marker test

pregnancy

What is the use of this test?

To assess the following in an unborn child

    – mental retardation

    – Birth defects

 1 Birth defects are many ways

•      Down Syndrome – There are many types of problems
•      Kidney does not work properly, heart problemEdward
•      small mouth, small jaw, short neck
•      Back part of the skull is prominent or occiput
•      Chest short or springy and wide set nipples
•      dysplastic or malformed ears

 2 patau

•     Even in this, the child remains mentally retarded.
•     Lips prevail in this disease
•     Hands and feet do not devlop right

3 Neural tube defects – ntd

•    Craniorachischisis – completely open brain and spinal cord
•    Anencephaly – open brain and lack
•    Encephalocele – herniation of the meanings (and brain)
•    Iniencephaly – Retroflexion in skull occipital and defect bone of the head   with excessive head
•    Spine bifida occulta- Asymptomatic closed NTDs in which the entire  vertebrae are not closed properly.
•    Closed spinal dysraphism – Lack of at least two vertebral arches tinged with a  lipoma
•     Meningocele – protrusion of the meanings (filled with CSF) through a n   defect in the skull or spine
•     Myelomeningocele- Open spinal cord (with a meningeal cyst)

Dual Who should get the test done?

• Urma over 35 years
• Family history of birth defects.
• IVF pregnancy
• Previous child born with Down syndrome (or similar genetic conditions) case
• History of insulin dependent diabetes
• When to order this test?
• 11-14 weeks of pregnancy
• Components of dual marker
• Free beta hCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin)
• PAPP- a (pregnancy associated plasma protein a)

What is normal rage?

1. Free b hCG :25700 – 288000 mIU / ml
2. PAPP A – greater than 0.5 MoM

Free beeta HCG test high What is the meaning of?

  – Free beta hCG is a glycophotin hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy. This high level is an indication of a higher risk of trisomy 18 and down syndrome.

PAPP – A test low what is the meaning of?

 PAPP – A Is an important plasma protein. A low level of plasma protein is a sign of the risk of Down syndrome

Dual test Requirement ?

  – Latest ultrasound report

  – No fasting requirement

Dual test positive what is meaning of?

  – Parents can go for termination of pregnancy as per MTP roules

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